【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforStatisticalEvaluationofAtmosphericDispersionModelPerformance
【原文标准名称】:大气散射模型性能的统计评价的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6589-2005(2010)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2005
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D22.11
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:airquality;model;modelperformance;qualitativeevaluation;quantitativeevaluation;statistical;Statisticalmethods--atmosphericanalysis;Airqualityanalysis;Dispersionmodeling;Models/modeling--atmosphericanalysis;Performance--airanalysi
【摘要】:Guidanceisprovidedondesigningmodelevaluationperformanceproceduresandonthedifficultiesthatariseinstatisticalevaluationofmodelperformancecausedbythestochasticnatureofdispersionintheatmosphere.Itisrecognizedthereareexamplesintheliteraturewhere,knowinglyorunknowingly,modelswereevaluatedontheirabilitytodescribesomethingwhichtheywereneverintendedtocharacterize.Thisguideisattemptingtoheightenawareness,andthereby,toreducethenumberofx201C;unknowingx201D;comparisons.Agoalofthisguideistostimulatedevelopmentandtestingofevaluationproceduresthataccommodatetheeffectsofnaturalvariability.Atechniqueisillustratedtoprovideinformationfromwhichsubsequentevaluationandstandardizationcanbederived.1.1Thisguideprovidestechniquesthatareusefulforthecomparisonofmodeledairconcentrationswithobservedfielddata.Suchcomparisonsprovideameansforassessingamodel''sperformance,forexample,biasandprecisionoruncertainty,relativetoothercandidatemodels.Methodologiesforsuchcomparisonsareyetevolving;hence,modificationswilloccurinthestatisticaltestsandproceduresanddataanalysisasworkprogressesinthisarea.Untiltheinterestedpartiesagreeuponstandardtestingprotocols,differencesinapproachwilloccur.Thisguidedescribesaframework,orphilosophicalcontext,withinwhichonedetermineswhetheramodel''sperformanceissignificantlydifferentfromothercandidatemodels.Itissuggestedthatthefirststepshouldbetodeterminewhichmodel''sestimatesareclosestonaveragetotheobservations,andthesecondstepwouldthentestwhetherthedifferencesseenintheperformanceoftheothermodelsaresignificantlydifferentfromthemodelchoseninthefirststep.AnexampleprocedureisprovidedinAppendixX1toillustrateanexistingapproachforaparticularevaluationgoal.Thisexampleisnotintendedtoinhibitalternativeapproachesortechniquesthatwillproduceequivalentorsuperiorresults.AsdiscussedinSection6,statisticalevaluationofmodelperformanceisviewedaspartofalargerprocessthatcollectivelyisreferredtoasmodelevaluation.1.2Thisguidehasbeendesignedwithflexibilitytoallowexpansiontoaddressvariouscharacterizationsofatmosphericdispersion,whichmightinvolvedoseorconcentrationfluctuations,toallowdevelopmentofapplication-specificevaluationschemes,andtoallowuseofvariousstatisticalcomparisonmetrics.Noassumptionsaremaderegardingthemannerinwhichthemodelscharacterizethedispersion.1.3Thefocusofthisguideisonendresults,thatis,theaccuracyofmodelpredictionsandthediscernmentofwhetherdifferencesseenbetweenmodelsaresignificant,ratherthanoperationaldetailssuchastheeaseofmodelimplementationorthetimerequiredformodelcalculationstobeperformed.1.4Thisguideoffersanorganizedcollectionofinformationoraseriesofoptionsanddoesnotrecommendaspecificcourseofaction.Thisguidecannotreplaceeducationorexperienceandshouldbeusedinconjunctionwithprofessionaljudgment.Notallaspectsofthisguidemaybeapplicableinallcircumstances.Thisguideisnotintendedtorepresentorreplacethestandardofcarebywhichtheadequacyofagivenprofessionalservicemustbejudged,norshoulditbeappliedwithoutconsiderationofaproject''smanyuniqueaspects.Thewordx201C;Standardx201D;inthetitleofthisguidemeansonlythatthedocumenthasbeenapprovedthroughtheASTMconsensusprocess.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,asso......
【中国标准分类号】:A47
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_20
【页数】:17P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Paperandboard-Determinationoftensileproperties-Part2:Constantrateofelongationmethod(ISO1924-2:1994);GermanversionENISO1924-2:1995
【原文标准名称】:纸和纸板.张力性能测定.第2部分:伸长率法恒定值(ISO1924-2:1994);德文版本ENISO1924-2:1995
【标准号】:ENISO1924-2-1995
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1995-04
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:欧洲标准学会(EN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:纸;特性;延伸;定义;速度;负荷;抗拉强度;抗拉试验;材料试验;试验;纸板;测定
【英文主题词】:Board(paper);Definition;Definitions;Determination;Elongation;Elongationatfracture;Loading;Materialstesting;Paper;Properties;Strengthproperties;Tensilestrength;Tensiletesting;Tensiletests;Testing;Tests;Velocity
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Y30
【国际标准分类号】:85_060
【页数】:9P;A4
【正文语种】:英语